How to Manage Genital Herpes Safely During Pregnancy

A] Introduction

Genital herpes is a widespread sexual illness caused by the herpes virus (HSV), and it can create apprehension during pregnancy. Learning how to deal with the condition is critical to both maternal and infant health. As a matter of fact, 1 out of every 5 women of childbearing age in the U.S. is infected with genital herpes, with the majority of them being oblivious that they are infected. Although being diagnosed may seem like a nightmare, take note that the majority of herpes patients get through pregnancy having healthy babies, professionally delivered.

This blog helps you understand herpes and pregnancy, highlighting whether it is safe, associated risks, whether it affects the baby, and how to manage pregnancy with genital herpes easily.

B] Can You Have a Healthy Pregnancy with Genital Herpes? 

Yes, women with genital herpes can have a healthy pregnancy and deliver safely with the right medical care. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider early, so they can monitor and manage the condition throughout pregnancy. Antiviral medications may be prescribed in the third trimester to reduce the risk of outbreaks near delivery. In cases where active sores are present at the time of labour, a caesarean section may be recommended to protect the baby. With proper medical guidance and regular prenatal care, most women with genital herpes go on to have healthy, full-term pregnancies.

C] Risks of Genital Herpes During Pregnancy 

Understanding the risks of herpes and pregnancy is essential for protecting both mother and baby. While many women deliver safely, certain factors can increase complications, especially during a first-time infection.

1. Neonatal Herpes

Neonatal herpes is a rare but serious condition where the virus is passed to the baby during delivery. It can affect the baby’s skin, eyes, or internal organs, and in severe cases, lead to long-term health issues or death. The risk is highest if the mother contracts herpes late in pregnancy.

2. Higher Risk with First-Time Infection

If a woman has her first herpes outbreak during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, the risk to the baby increases significantly. This is because the mother’s body hasn’t developed antibodies to protect the baby. In such cases, a C-section may be advised to reduce transmission.

3. Premature Birth

Herpes infections may contribute to premature labor or low birth weight, particularly if an outbreak occurs close to delivery. Managing symptoms and seeking timely genital herpes treatment can help reduce this risk.

4. Miscarriage (in Rare Cases)

Although rare, untreated primary herpes infections during early pregnancy may increase the risk of miscarriage or developmental issues. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

5. Transmission During Vaginal Delivery / Need for C-Section

When active sores are present during labor, vaginal delivery can transmit the virus to the baby. A C-section is often recommended in such cases to ensure a safer delivery and prevent complications related to herpes and childbirth.

D] When Is the Risk to the Baby Highest? 

The risk to the baby is highest when a woman experiences her first genital herpes infection in the third trimester. This is because the body hasn’t yet developed antibodies to protect the baby during delivery. Without prior immunity, there’s a greater chance of transmitting the virus during childbirth, which can lead to serious neonatal complications. Early diagnosis and proper planning, such as antiviral medication or scheduling a cesarean section, can reduce these risks. 

Understanding the link between herpes and childbirth is crucial for ensuring a safe delivery and protecting the newborn’s health through timely intervention and care.

E] How to Manage Genital Herpes During Pregnancy 

Managing herpes and pregnancy requires a proactive approach to ensure both the mother’s and the baby’s health. With proper care and lifestyle adjustments, you can significantly reduce the risk of complications. Here’s how you can manage genital herpes during pregnancy: 

1. Take Prescribed Antiviral Medications

Did you know? Antiviral therapy in the last month of pregnancy can reduce the risk of herpes transmission to the baby by up to 75%. Your doctor may prescribe antiviral medications like acyclovir or valacyclovir to suppress outbreaks and reduce viral shedding.

2. Attend Regular Prenatal Check-Ups

Routine monitoring allows your OB-GYN to track the condition and make timely decisions, including the safest delivery method based on your health status.

3. Monitor for Signs of Outbreaks

Recognizing early symptoms—such as itching, tingling, or visible sores—helps in managing outbreaks before delivery. If you’re unsure what genital herpes looks like, speak to your doctor for guidance.

4. Manage Stress Levels

Stress is a known trigger for outbreaks. Incorporate relaxation techniques such as prenatal yoga, breathing exercises, and adequate sleep to help your body stay balanced.

5. Maintain a Healthy Immune System

Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins, stay hydrated, and get gentle exercise to support immune health throughout pregnancy.

6. Avoid Known Outbreak Triggers

Every woman’s body is different, but triggers can include lack of sleep, illness, or friction during intimacy. Track what affects you and adjust accordingly.

7. Practice Safe Intimacy

If both partners have herpes, can it get worse? Re-exposure can potentially cause new outbreaks. Use protection and communicate openly with your partner and doctor.

8. Communicate Openly with Your OB-GYN

Honest conversations are key. If you’re looking for a private gynaecologist in London, expert support is available to help you navigate herpes and childbirth with confidence.

F] Final Thoughts

While managing genital herpes during pregnancy may feel overwhelming, it is entirely possible to have a safe and healthy experience with the right care and support. Staying informed, following medical guidance, and maintaining open communication with your healthcare provider are key to protecting both you and your baby. Remember, you are not alone; many women face similar challenges and go on to have successful pregnancies. 

For expert advice, compassionate care, and personalised support, connect with Women’s Healthcare, a trusted private gynaecologist in London. 

G] Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Can I have a healthy baby if I have genital herpes?

Yes, you can absolutely have a healthy baby with genital herpes. With proper medical care, including antiviral treatment and monitoring during pregnancy, the risk of transmission to the baby can be significantly reduced.

2. If both partners have herpes can it get worse?

If both partners have herpes, it doesn’t necessarily make the condition worse, but re-exposure to different strains may trigger new outbreaks. It’s important to discuss any symptoms, practice safe intimacy, and speak with your doctor for guidance on managing herpes within your relationship, especially during pregnancy.

3. Is it safe to take antiviral medication during pregnancy?

Yes, antiviral medications like acyclovir and valacyclovir are considered safe during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester. These medications help reduce viral shedding and the likelihood of an outbreak near delivery, lowering the risk of transmission to the baby.

4. Can genital herpes affect my fertility or chances of getting pregnant?

Genital herpes typically does not affect fertility or your ability to conceive. However, it’s important to manage the condition with medical support, especially when planning a pregnancy.

5. Can I breastfeed if I have genital herpes?

Yes, you can safely breastfeed if you have genital herpes, as long as there are no active lesions on or near the breasts. Always wash your hands thoroughly and follow your doctor’s advice to prevent any potential transmission to your baby during feedings.